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Fig. 2 | Cell Communication and Signaling

Fig. 2

From: Targeting Wnt/β-catenin signaling and its interplay with TGF-β and Notch signaling pathways for the treatment of chronic wounds

Fig. 2

Non-canonical Wnt signaling pathways. The non-canonical Wnt/PCP pathway is involved in cell polarity and microtubule reorganization. Binding of the Wnt ligand to the FZD receptor activates the Wnt/PCP pathway either by recruiting the LRP5/6 or tyrosine kinase Ror2 receptor. This activates the GTPase RAC1 which activates the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) which leads to activation of the JUN transcription factor for expression of genes involved in cell fate and polarity. The Wnt/Ca2+ activates phospholipase C (PLC) following binding of the Wnt ligand on the FZD/LRP5/6 receptor complex. Activation of PLC leads to the activation of inositol triphosphate (PIP3), which increases calcium (Ca2+) in the endoplasmic reticulum. Increased Ca2+ leads to binding interaction with calcium-calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII) and activation of the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) transcription factor for its nuclear translocation and transcriptional activation of target genes that are involved in the pro-inflammatory response

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Cell Communication and Signaling

ISSN: 1478-811X