Fig. 6

Abnormal estrogen secretion and atypical endometrial hyperplasia caused by Gdf9 variants. A Serum estradiol levels in Gdf9^wt/wt(n=3), Gdf9^S415T/S415T (n=3) and Gdf9^Q308X/S415T (n=3) mice at 10-12 weeks old during proestrus. *P < 0.05. B Serum testosterone levels in Gdf9^wt/wt(n=3), Gdf9^S415T/S415T (n=3) and Gdf9^Q308X/S415T (n=3) mice at 10-12 weeks old during proestrus. C The mRNA expression of Fshr, Lhcgr, Star, Cyp11a1, Cyp17a1, Hsd3b2, and Cyp19a1 of ovaries obtained from Gdf9^wt/wt (n=3) and Gdf9^Q308X/S415T (n=3) mice at 10-12 weeks old. *P < 0.05. D The mRNA expression of Fshr, Lhcgr, Star, Cyp11a1, Hsd3b2, and Cyp19a1 of mouse granulosa cells collected 48 hours after PMSG stimulation. *P < 0.05. E STAR (yellow) and DAPI (blue) immunofluorescence in Gdf9^wt/wt and Gdf9^Q308X/S415T ovaries. Small (diameter ≤300μm) and large (diameter >300μm) follicles were shown respectively. FD, follicle diameter. F H&E staining of uteri obtained from young (10-12 week) and old (32-34 week) Gdf9^wt/wt and Gdf9^Q308X/S415Tmice at the stage of proestrus