Fig. 6

RNA sequencing analysis and bioinformatics of CDNVs-treated HUVECs. A Venn diagrams were used to analyse the intersection of upregulated miRNAs in HUVECs after CDNV intervention and miRNAs contained in CDNVs. B qPCR assays were conducted to measure the miRNA levels of miR159a, miR166a-3p, and miR170-5p in HUVECs treated with or without CDNVs, and the results were quantified and normalized to U6 snRNA. The results represent three independent experiments (n = 3). Data are presented as the means ± SD. Significance levels are indicated as **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, or ns (not significant). C Volcano plots were used to visualize the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in HUVECs after CDNV treatment, with red dots indicating upregulated genes, blue dots indicating downregulated genes, and gray dots indicating genes with no significant changes. D A heatmap was used to display the expression patterns of DEGs in HUVECs after CDNV treatment, with the color scale representing the relative expression level, with red indicating upregulation and blue indicating downregulation. E GO enrichment analysis was conducted to identify the biological processes, molecular functions, and cellular components that were enriched among the DEGs in HUVECs. F KEGG pathway analysis was performed to identify the pathways that were significantly enriched among the DEGs in HUVECs. G A PPI network was constructed to visualize the interactions among the DEGs in HUVECs after CDNV treatment. The circles vary in color from dark to light, representing the degree from high to low. H Hub genes were identified among the DEGs in the PPI network using the MCODE module