Fig. 2

In vivo distribution of orally administered CDNVs. A Representative ex vivo images of various tissues, including the liver, lung, spleen, kidney, heart and aorta, were acquired using the Aniview100 In Vivo Imaging System (n = three mice per group). B Representative ex vivo images of the heart and aorta were obtained for the DIR-CDNVs ig. group, with DiR-free dye and PBS used as controls. C The fluorescence signal of DIR of the heart and aorta was quantified and statistically analysed (n = four mice per group). D Frozen sections of aorta were stained with DAPI, a DNA-specific dye used for cell nucleus counting and identification (blue), and the fluorescence signal of DIR (red) was observed by fluorescence microscopy (n = three mice per group). Scale bar represents 100 μm. E Dose-dependent fluorescence signal intensity of heart and aorta from mice after receiving gavage of DiR-CDNVs. F The fluorescence signal of DIR in the heart and aorta was quantified and statistically analysed (n = three mice per group). G qPCR assay to evaluate the miRNA levels of miR159a, miR166a-3p and miR170-5p in aorta tissues. The graphs show the quantification of the indicated miRNA normalized to U6 snRNA (n = five mice per group). Data represent means ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001