Fig. 2

SD-mediated formation of prostatitis in a time-dependent manner. A Schematic illustration of SD process in mice for different duration. The start time of SD in ICR mice was different, and but these mice were sacrificed at the same time point. All of mice were kept awake for 20 h a day (4 h of sleep). B Changes of body weight in mice during the period of SD. C-D Cumulative and daily water intake and food consumption during the period of SD. E Evaluation of prostate sizes changes by prostate index in mice after different SD duration. F HE staining showing the changes of prostate in mice after different SD duration. Scale bar, 100 μm. G-H Immunofluorescence staining of CD45 and corresponding mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) analysis showing the inflammatory cells infiltration in prostate of mice after different SD duration. Scale bar, 100 μm. I Inflammation score analysis of prostate in mice after different SD duration. J Examination of tactile allodynia by Von Frey filaments in mice after different SD duration. K Changes of serous testosterone level in mice during the period of SD. Data were presented as means ± SEM (n ≥ 5). Statistical significance was calculated using the one-way ANOVA (E, and H to K). ns, no significance, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001