Fig. 3
From: Tryptophan metabolism in digestive system tumors: unraveling the pathways and implications
Molecular mechanisms of Trp metabolism in liver cancer. circZNF566 promoted HCC progression by sponging miR-4738-3p and modulating TDO2 expression. ZNF165 enhanced HCC cell proliferation and migration through robust activation of the Trp/Kyn/AhR/CYP1A1 axis, significantly increasing CYP1A1 expression. 5-HT1D, through PI3K/Akt/FoxO6 signaling, accelerated HCC progression. TDO2 upregulated p21 and p27 expression, exerting a suppressive impact on cell cycle arrest. The binding of 3-HAA to YY1 induced apoptosis in HCC cells