Fig. 2
From: Tryptophan metabolism in digestive system tumors: unraveling the pathways and implications
Molecular mechanisms of Trp metabolism in gastric cancer. Helicobacter pylori infection induced kynurenine pathway activation mediated by kynurenine aminotransferase 2 (KAT2) through cGAS-IRF3 signaling, fostering gastric intestinal metaplasia. IDO1 and COL12A1 exhibited a synergistic effect, enhancing cell migration via the MAPK pathway. GPx2 enhanced the KYNU-Kyn-AhR signaling pathway, promoting gastric cancer progression and metastasis. Kyn generated by gastric cancer cells activated the IL-10/STAT3/BCL2 pathway, excessively stimulating Tregs and crucially contributing to chemoresistance