Fig. 6
From: Hypoxic glioblastoma-cell-derived extracellular vesicles impair cGAS-STING activity in macrophages
Hypoxic-GBM EVs reduce cGAS and downstream type I IFN responses in macrophages. A, B mRNA expression in EPMs of genes involved in the regulation (cGAS) and production of IFN-α and IFN-β. Macrophages were co-cultured with or without hypoxic SB28-derived EVs (1% EVs) or normoxic SB28-derived EVs (21% EVs) and 5 μg/ml of total SB28 DNA (DNA) under normoxic (O2 21%) or hypoxic (O2 1%) conditions for 24 h. C Secretion levels of IFN-β protein from EPM supernatants analyzed by ELISA. Macrophages were co-cultured with or without 5 μg/ml SB28 total DNA (DNA) and EVs from hypoxic SB28 cells (1% EVs) for 24 h. Values are expressed as mean ± SD of three biologic replicates, and comparisons were made using an unpaired t test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.005, ***P < 0.001