Table 2 Exosome cargoes effective on the promotion of cancers

miR

miR-519a-3p

Gastric Cancer

MAPK/ERK pathway

Angiogenesis & Metastasis

[98]

miR-934

Colorectal Cancer

PTEN/ PI3K/AKT

Metastasis

[99]

miR-146a

Breast Cancer

Wnt/βCatenin

Invasion & Metastasis

[100]

miR-128-3p

Colorectal Cancer

TGF-β/SMAD & Jak/STAT3

EMT

[101]

miR-3473b

lung cancer

NF-κB

colonization

[102]

miR-345-5p

Colorectal related CAFs

CDKN1A

tumor cell progression & metastasis

[103]

miR-20a-5p

CAFs

Wnt/β-catenin

promotes hepatocellular carcinoma

[104]

miR-221-3p

M2-MQ

SOCS3/JAK2/STAT3

osteosarcoma metastasis

[105]

miR193a-5p

TAM

TIMP2

renal cancer progression

[106]

miR-3157-3p

non-small cell lung cancer

TIMP/KLF2

angiogenesis

[107]

lncRNA

SNHG16

breast cancer

TGFβ/SMAD

induction of CD73 + γδ1 Tregs

[108]

SNHG10

colorectal cancer

INHBC & TGFβ

inhibit cytotoxicity in NKCs

[109]

SNHG1

Hypoxic breast cancer

Jak2

proliferation & angiogenesis

[110]

PARTI

Esophageal cancer

miR302a-3p/CDC25A

angiogenesis

[111]

CDKN2B-AS1

thyroid cancer

miR-122-5p/ P4HA1

Migration & Invasion

[112]

TTN-AS1

gastric cancer

miR-499a-5p/ZEB1/CDX2

growth & metastasis

[113]

AP000439.2

clear cell renal cell carcinoma

STAT3

tumor progression

[114]

PCAT1

Colorectal Cancer

miR-329-3p/Netrin-1-CD146

Metastasis

[115]

LINC00313

non-small cell lung cancer

miR-135a-3p/STAT6

M2-MQ differentiation

[116]

NEAT1

Hepatoblastoma

miR-132/MMP9

induce BMSCs to myofibroblasts

[117]

circRNA

circ_FMN2

Colorectal cancer

miR-338-3p/MSI1

Cancer progression

[118]

circPACRGL

Colorectal cancer

miR-142-3p/miR-506 3p-TGF-β1

Cancer progression

[119]

circCCAR1

Hepatocellular carcinoma

miR-127-5p/WTAP

dysfunction of CD8 + T cells

[120]

circRNA100338

Hepatocellular Carcinoma

-

Promote metastasis

[121]

circTGFBR2

Hepatocellular Carcinoma

miR-205-5p/ATG5

Cancer progression

[122]

circDennd1b

Pituitary Adenoma

miR-145 5p/ONECUT2

Cancer progression

[123]

circ_0051799

Lung adenocarcinoma

miR-214-3p/IGF2BP3 /JAK/STAT

Cancer proliferation and metastasis

[124]

circ_0005615

Colorectal cancer

miR-873-5p/FOSL2

Cancer progression

[125]

hsa_circIFNGR2

Ovarian cancer

miR-378/ST5

Metastasis

[126]

Protein

DNAJB11

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

EGFR/MAPK

Cancer development

[127]

B7-H3 (CD276)

Colorectal cancer

AKT1/mTOR/VEGFA

Angiogenesis & Metastasis

[128]

DPP4

Colon Cancer

Twist1/Smad

Angiogenesis

[129]

ENO1

Hepatocellular Carcinoma

FAK/Src-p38MAPK & integrin α6β4

Cancer growth and metastasis

[130]

CD44

Gastric Cancer

YAP/CPT1A

Metastasis

[131]

GDF15

Colorectal cancer

Bcl-2/caspase-3

Muscle atrophy

[132]

ITGB1

Rectal cancer

NFκB

Activation of lung fibroblasts

[133]

MLF1

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoa

EGFR/AKT & Wnt/β-catenin

tumor cells’ proliferation and metastasis

[134]

MUC13

Esophageal cancer

GLANT14, MUC3A, MUC1, MUC12, and MUC4/ O-glycan process

Cancer development

[135]

RNF126

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma

PTEN/PI3K/AKT

Cancer growth and metastasis

[136]