Table 1 Types of AQPs with their targeting pathways in specific carcinomas

AQP1

7p14

Astrocytoma, Ovarian, Colorectal, Hepatocellular, Breast, Lung, Endometrial, Adenoid cystic, Osteosarcoma

HIF-1a, Transcription of E box containing genes (by C-Myc), Promoter hypermethylation, TGF- β, H+ transport,

[14, 24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32]

AQP2

12q13

Endometrial, Lung

F-actin, Annexin-2 and Oestrogen receptor

[33, 34]

AQP3

9p13

lung cancer, colon cancer, cutaneous, renal, oesophageal and oral squamous cell carcinoma, Bladder, Oral squamous, NSCLC, Breast ductal

AKT-MMP pathway, PI3K-AKT-SNAIL, EGFR-ERK, CXCL12 signalling,

[35,36,37,38,39,40,41]

AQP4

18q22

Astrocytoma, Glioma

Protein Kinase C

[42, 43]

AQP5

12q13

Breast, Cervical, Endometrial, Prostate, Tongue squamous cell carcinoma, Lung, Colorectal, Gastric

RAS pathway, EGFR/ERK/p38 MAPK, p-SMAD2/3 pathway, NF-кB pathway.

[44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52]

AQP7

9p13

Thyroid

EGFR/ERK1/2

[53]

AQP8

16p12

Brain, Ovarian, Cervical, Acute leukaemia

EGFR/ERK1/2

[53, 54]

AQP9

15q22

Glioblastoma, Lung, Oesophageal

EGFR/ERK1/2

[55,56,57]