New immunotherapy approaches for colorectal cancer: focusing on CAR-T cell, BiTE, and oncolytic viruses

Table 2 Recent products in CAR-T cell and BiTE for colorectal cancer

Target	Study Model	Function	Reference
PD-1-TREM2	C57BL/6 mice	Targeting TME and enhancing anti-PD-1 immunotherapy	[24]
CD166	In vitro	Potent cytotoxicity targeting CRC	[27]
Nectin4/FAP	Mice	Suppressed metastatic tumors and increased survival	[29]
CEA	Phase1	Cytokine excretion and cytotoxicities to CEA + CRC	[31]
GUCY2C	Mice	Enhanced antigen-dependent T-cell activation and cytokine production	[33]
CD318	Mice	Activated and exhibited strong cytotoxicity and cytokine-secreting	[35]
Gb3	In vitro	Target-specific cytotoxicity against CRC cells	[38]
EGFR	Mice	lysis of KRAS- and BRAF-mutated CRC lines	[39]
EpCAM	Mice	Blocked xenograft tumor growth	[40]
CEA/BiTE	BALB/c mice	Targeting CEA + Tumor cells	[41]
Cd1d/BiTE	C57BL/6J (B6) mice	Activated invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT cells)	[42]

ISSN: 1478-811X