Fig. 4
From: Intratumoral microorganisms in tumors of the digestive system
Therapeutic effect of intratumoral bacteria. Bacteria can promote or inhibit the effects of immunotherapy on the host by regulating immune cells. Bacteria possess oncolytic properties. They may serve as vectors or can be genetically modified to facilitate targeted therapeutics. Antibiotics and bacteriophages can modify the composition of intratumoral bacteria, offering potential therapeutic options for the prevention and treatment of cancer