Fig. 1

Macrophages play an integral role after partial hepatectomy. Clodronate liposomes (CL), anti-mouse CD3ε antibodies, and anti-mouse NK1.1 antibodies were used to deplete macrophages, T cells, and natural killer (NK) cells in the mouse livers. Mice were anesthetized with isoflurane, and a modified 70% partial hepatectomy (PHx) model was induced. Mice were euthanized 24 h after PHx. A Schematic of the macrophages, T cells, and NK cells depletion with PHx. Control: rat IgG2a isotype; CL: clodronate liposomes; anti-CD3ε: anti-mouse CD3ε antibody; anti-NK1.1: anti-mouse NK1.1 antibody. B Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to determine the survival of mice 24 h after PHx and immune cell depletion. C The liver-to-body weight ratio at 24 h is shown. Liver to body weight ratio = liver weight/body weight (g/g). D, E, F Serum levels of transaminase-alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (D), aspartate aminotransferase AST (E), and interleukin (IL)-6 (F) are shown in the graph. G, H Co-staining of Ki67⁺ and Hnf4α⁺ (G) and the number of Ki67⁺Hnf4α⁺hepatocytes are shown (H). (A to B, n = 10, C to F, n = 6, G to H, n = 3. *p < 0.05.)