Novel roles of PIWI proteins and PIWI-interacting RNAs in human health and diseases

Wu, Zeyu; Yu, Xiao; Zhang, Shuijun; He, Yuting; Guo, Wenzhi

doi:10.1186/s12964-023-01368-x

Cell Communication and Signaling

Table 1 Roles of piRNAs/PIWI complex in biological processes in human diseases

From: Novel roles of PIWI proteins and PIWI-interacting RNAs in human health and diseases

Regulatory mechanisms	piRNA/PIWI	Expression	Diseases	Targets/signaling pathway	In vitro	In vivo	Ref.
Abnormal cell cycle and Resistance to apoptosis	piR-823	up	Colorectal cancer	HSF1	Promote cell cycle and inhibit cell apoptosis	NA	[90]
	piR-017061	down	Pancreatic cancer	ERK signaling pathway	Inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis	Attenuate the volumes and weights of the xenografts in vivo	[91]
	piR-36,712	down	Breast cancer	P53 signaling pathway	Suppress cell proliferation, migration and invasion	Lower tumor growth rate	[92]
	piR-004800	up	Multiple Myeloma	PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway	Promote proliferation and inhibit apoptosis and autophagy	Promote MM proliferation	[93]
	piR-8041	down	Glioblastoma	NA	Induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis	Restrict tumor growth temporarily	[94]
	PIWIL1	up	Glioblastoma	CDKN1B and CCND2	PIWIL1 knockdown causes cell cycle arrest, and induces apoptosis and promotes senescence.	PIWIL1 Knockdown reduces Tumor Growth and improves survival	[95]
	piR-30,188/PIWIL3	down	Glioblastoma	OIP5-AS1/miR-367/CEBPA/TRAF4 pathway	Suppress tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, and promotes apoptosis	Restrain tumor growth and prolong nude mice survival	[96]
	piR-651	up	Non-small cell lung carcinoma	Cyclin D1 and CDK4	Promote cell cycle progression in G2/M phase	Promote tumor growth	[97]
	piR-651	up	Non-small cell lung carcinoma	Mitochondria-dependent pathway	Promote cell proliferation in a time-dependent manner and inhibits apoptosis, Promote NSCLC cell migration and invasion	NA	[98]
	PIWIL2	up	Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma	NF-κB signaling pathway	Promote cell proliferation, inhibit apoptosis, and activate autophagy	Promote tumor growth	[99]
Aberrant proliferative signaling pathways	piR-31,115	up	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma	PI3K/AKT Pathway	Promote cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis	NA	[100]
	piR-001773 and piR-017184	up	Prostate cancer	PI3K/AKT Pathway	Promote cell growth, invasion, and migration	Promote PCa cell growth, invasion, and migration	[101]
	piRNA-823	up	Luminal breast cancer	Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway	Acquire stem cell-like properties, promote cell proliferation	Promote tumor growth	[102]
	piR-55,490	down	Lung cancer	Akt/mTOR pathway	Reduce the proliferation	Suppress the growth of xenografts	[103]
Activation of invasion and metastasis	piR-57,125	down	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma	AKT/ERK signaling pathway	Restrain cell metastasis	Knockdown of piR-57,125 promotes ccRCC cells metastasis	[104]
	piR-19,166	down	Prostate carcinoma	CTTN/MT1-MMP/MMP2/MMP9 signaling pathway	Hinder cell migration	Reduce the number and size of metastatic nodules	[105]
	piR-39,980	up	Osteosarcoma	MMP2	Induce the proliferation and enhance the invasion and metastasis	NA	[106]
	piR-54,265	up	Colorectal cancer	MMP2 and MMP9	Promote proliferation, migration and invasion	Promote tumor growth, spread and metastasis.	[107]
	PIWIL2	up	Prostate cancer	MMP9	PIWIL2 knockdown weakened tumor cell invasion and migration	NA	[108]
	PIWIL1	up	Pancreatic cancer	Pinin	Increase the proliferation, invasion and metastasis	Promote growth and metastasis of xenografts	[109]
	piRNA-823	up	Multiple myeloma	VEGF and IL-6	Promote angiogenesis and invasion	Promote the growth of xenograft tumors	[110]
	piRNA-823	up	Multiple myeloma	VEGF	Promote proangiogenic activity	Promote the growth of xenograft tumors	[111]
EMT	piR-17,560	up	Breast cancer	FTO/ZEB1 signaling pathway	Promote the proliferation, EMT and chemoresistance	Increase tumor volume under chemotherapy drug treatment	[112]
	piR-31,115	up	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma	NA	Promote migration and invasion	NA	[100]
	PIWIL1	up	Endometrial cancer	NA	Endow endometrial cancer [EC] cells with stem-like properties, such as tumor cell viability, migration, invasion, and sphere-forming activity.	Increase tumor growth	[113]
	piR-1037	up	Oral squamous cell carcinoma	NA	Enhance the motility	Increase tumor growth	[114]
Energy metabolism	piR-823	up	Colorectal cancer	PINK1-Parkin mediated mitophagy	Maintain mitochondrial function, dynamics, and quantity	Block mitophagy, increases tumor volume and tumor weight	[115]
	piR-hsa-211,106	down	Lung Adenocarcinoma	Pyruvate carboxylase	Attenuate cell proliferation and colony formation	Suppress tumor xenograft growth	[116]
	PIWIL2	up	Radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis	Purine metabolism	Activate purine metabolism and promote the attenuation of RILF	Alleviate pulmonary fibrosis	[117]
	PIWIL1	up	Hepatocellular carcinoma	MLYCD	Induce fatty acid metabolism	Promote the tumor growth	[118]
DNA damage	piR-39,980	down	Fibrosarcoma	RRM2	Enhance apoptosis of fibrosarcoma cells induced by DOX treatment	NA	[119]
	PIWIL4	down	Fibrosarcoma	ROS accumulation	Reduce cell growth, migration and invasion	NA	[120]
	piR-31,470	up	Prostate cancer	GSTP1	Promote call proliferation	NA	[121]
Immune microenvironment	PIWIL4	up	HIV-1 Latency	SETDB1、HP1α/β/γ	Maintains HIV-1 latency in infected CD4 + T lymphocytes and inhibits viral replication	NA	[122]
	PIWIL1	up	Hepatocellular carcinoma	IL10	Inhibition of immune response in the tumor microenvironment	promotes the tumor growth	[118]
	piR-DQ551351	down	Prostate cancer	M2 macrophages polarization	NA	inhibit tumor growth	[123]
	piR-DQ551309	up	Prostate cancer	M2 macrophages polarization	NA	inhibit tumor growth	[123]

Back to article page

ISSN: 1478-811X

Contact us

General enquiries: journalsubmissions@springernature.com