Fig. 12
From: Autophagy-modulating biomaterials: multifunctional weapons to promote tissue regeneration
Autophagy-modulating biomaterials promote kidney regeneration. a Preparation of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles encapsulated with albumin (Fe3O4@BSA) and illustration of the protective effects of Fe3O4@BSA on albumin-induced tubulointerstitial fibrosis. b Imaging of the structure of the kidney and autophagic vacuoles in the kidneys of mice after treatment. c Western blotting for the quantification of LC3II/LC3I levels in the kidneys of mice (Reproduced with permission [157]; Copyright 2021, Elsevier). d Schematic illustration of the role of KIM-1-Res NPs in ameliorating chronic kidney disease [27]. e Schematic illustration of the role of Nano-TiO2 in inducing autophagy to protect against cell death [75]