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Fig. 7 | Cell Communication and Signaling

Fig. 7

From: SARS-CoV-2 primed platelets–derived microRNAs enhance NETs formation by extracellular vesicle transmission and TLR7/8 activation

Fig. 7

Proposed model for the biological role of platelet–derived miR-21, TLR7/8 and NETs formation in (A) mild COVID-19 and (B) severe COVID-19, based on the results of this study. A SARS-CoV-2 activates neutrophils and induces NETs formation during infection. B In severe COVID-19 cases with platelets hyperactivation, endogenous GU-enriched miRNAs (e.g., miR-21 and let-7b) were upregulated and EVs were increased. The pEVs-carried miR-21/let-7b interacts with TLR7/8 to (1) promote ROS production, thus enhancing SARS-CoV-2 primed NETs formation and (2) activate NF-κB, thus upregulating proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines (IL-1β/TNF-α and IL-8). Increased proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines (e.g., TNF-α) could enhance platelet activation via positive feedback

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Cell Communication and Signaling

ISSN: 1478-811X