Fig. 4

Stimulations modulate production of FTV. A1-A2 Immunofluorescence images of activated macrophage cells stained with CD11c (green) and CD206 (red) under stimulations of IFN-γ plus LPS, IL4 and HG conditions. Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar: 10 μm. A3-A4 CD11c and CD206 levels revealed by Western blotting. n = 3. B1-B2 SEM images of macrophages treated with LPS plus IFN-γ, IL4, and HG with a statistical analysis of FTV counts. Scale bar: 1 μm. n = 10. C1-C2 The impact of LPS plus IFN-γ, IL4, and HG on macrophage cell Tetraspanin 4 and integrin α5 expression levels as revealed by Western blotting. high mannitol (HM; osmotic pressure control). n = 10. D1-D2 SEM images show the impact of CK636 or Dynasore on production of FTV and the analysis of FTV counts. (M1:LPS plus IFN-γ, M2:IL4 treat). Scale bar: 1 μm. n = 10. *p < 0.05 vs. the control group, the M1 or M2 group and ^#P < 0.05 vs. the control group