Fig. 1

A Effect of brefeldin A (BFA, 10-40nM) and B thapsigargin (TG, 0.1-100nM) on T24 cell viability measured as metabolic activity (WST-1). Cell viability is depicted as % of the control. * indicates significant difference at the one-way ANOVA with Fisher LSD test (*: p ≤ 0.05; **: p ≤ 0.01), ns indicates no significant difference (p > 0.05), 5 technical, n = 3 biological replicates were performed. Quantification and representative images of CHOP staining in T24 cells treated for 6 h (C) and 24 h (D) with TG (1nM) or BFA (20nM). CHOP is depicted in magenta. At least n ≥ 87 ROIs were quantified taken from at least 3 independent cell preparations. * indicates significant differences in comparison to controls at the Student’s t-test (**: p ≤ 0.01; ***: p ≤ 0.001). E Representative images of the ER distribution (blue to yellow), F quantification of the ER signal intensity (r.f.u.) and G quantification of the ER area per cell area (%) of T24 cells, control cells and 24 h incubation with BFA and TG and CytD. Grey: §/ns indicates differences to controls at the Student’s t-test (ns: p > 0.05; §: p ≤ 0.05). Cyan: ns indicates no significance between BFA incubations with or without Cytochalasin D at the Student’s t-test (ns: p > 0.05). Yellow: § indicates significance between TG incubations with or without Cytochalasin D at the Student’s t-test (§§: p ≤ 0.01; §§§: p ≤ 0.001). Black: * indicates significant differences in comparison to controls at the Student’s t-test (**: p ≤ 0.01; ***: p ≤ 0.001). Data were acquired from 3 independent cell preparations n > 70 ROIs/cells