Double-edged sword of JAK/STAT signaling pathway in viral infections: novel insights into virotherapy

Table 1 Inducers of STAT family components

Cytokine	STAT component	Transcription factor	Gene
IFNα, IFNβ, and IFNγ	STAT1	ISGF3, GAF	ISRE, GAS [14]
IFNα and IFNβ	STAT2	ISGF3	ISRE [15]
IL-6, IL-10, IL-11, IL-21, IL-23, LIF, and OSM	STAT3	NF-κB	ISRE [16, 17]
IL-12, IFN-α	STAT4	IRF-1	GAS [18]
IL-2, IL-3, IL-5, IL-7, IL-15, GM-CSF	STAT5A and STAT5B	Eos, GATA3	TH2 gene, Il4, GAS [19,20,21]
IL-4 and IL-13	STAT6	GATA3	GATA3, Il4 [21]

IFN Interferon, ISGF3 Interferon Stimulated Gene Factor 3, GAF GAGA factor, ISRE Interferon-sensitive response element, GAS Gamma interferon activation site, IL Interleukin, LIF Leukemia inhibitory factor, OSM Oncostatin M, NF-κB Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, IRF-1 Interferon regulatory factor 1, GATA3 GATA Binding Protein 3, GM-CSF Granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor

ISSN: 1478-811X