Fig. 3

Effects of AML stromal fractions on hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis, evaluated using the “patient-in-a-dish” system. A A “patient-in-a-dish” ex-vivo system mimicking the AML-ME and allowing to investigate a crosstalk between BM-derived adipocyte and/or osteocyte subpopulations and leukemic cells, was generated. The schema presents all the steps of the experimental setup. B-D Cell viability analyses of apoptotic levels of blast cells upon their co-culture. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, with each patient sample presented as a dot (AML patients: n = 3; HDs: n = 3). The unpaired t test was used for statistical analysis. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 were considered statistically significant. E, F Colony forming unit assay was used to distinguish between normal and leukemic hematopoiesis. The number of colonies in samples derived from AML patients was normalized to that found in samples derived from HDs. The red dotted line represents HD levels