Advances in the study of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells and cardiac cells for the treatment of myocardial infarction

Liu, Yuchang; Wang, Minrui; Yu, Yang; Li, Chunhong; Zhang, Chunxiang

doi:10.1186/s12964-023-01227-9

Cell Communication and Signaling

Table 3 Sources, cargo, pathways and biological effects of exosomes secreted by cardiac cells under the indicated conditions

From: Advances in the study of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells and cardiac cells for the treatment of myocardial infarction

Source of exosomes	Condition	Cargos	Pathways	Biological effects	Reference
Cardiomyocytes	MI	miR-328-3p↑	miR-328-3p/Caspase	apoptosis↑	[108]
Cardiomyocytes	MI	miR-19a-3p↑	miR-19a-3p/HIF-1α	angiogenesis↓	[109]
Cardiomyocytes	Hypoxia	lncRNA AK139128↑	not investigated	apoptosis↑	[110]
Cardiomyocytes	Ferroptosis	miR-106b-3p↓	miR-106b-3p/Wnt/macrophage polarization to M1	inflammation↑	[80]
Cardiomyocytes	Hypoxia	not investigated	macrophage polarization to M2	inflammation↓	[111]
Cardiomyocytes	Hypoxia	miR-208a	miR-208a/Dyrk2	fibrosis↑	[112]
Cardiomyocytes	Ischemia	miR-222; miR-143	not investigated	angiogenesis↑	[113]
Cardiomyocytes	Hypoxia	circHIPK3	circHIPK3/miR-29a/VEGFA	angiogenesis↑	[114]
Cardiomyocytes	Ischemia	lncRNA KLF3-AS1↑	lncRNA KLF3-AS1/miR-23c/STAT5B	apoptosis↓	[115]
CDCs	Normal/Hypoxia	Not investigated	not investigated	apoptosis↓	[116]
CDCs	Normal/Hypoxia	miR-126; miR-130a; miR-210	not investigated	angiogenesis↑	[117]
CDCs (EVs)	I/R	Y RNA fragment	Y RNA fragment/IL10	cardioprotection↑, infarct size↓	[118]
CDCs	Normal	miR-181b	miR-181b/PKCδ/macrophages polarization	cardioprotection↑, infarct size↓	[119]
ECs	MI	PFN2	PFN2/PI3K-PFN2-ERK	angiogenesis↑	[120]
ECs	Normal	not investigated	PI3K-AKT	apoptosis↓	[121]
ECs	Normal	LINC00174	LINC00174/SRSF1/P53/AKT-AMPK	apoptosis↓, autophagy↓	[122]
ECs (EVs)	MI	VCAM-1	VCAM-1/neutrophil mobilization	not investigated	[123]
Endothelial progenitor cells	Normal	miR-1246; miR-1290	miR-1246/ELF5, miR-1290/SP1	angiogenesis↑	[124]
Endothelial progenitor cells	Normal	miR-218-5p; miR-363–3	miR-218-5p/p53, miR-363–3/JMY	angiogenesis↑	[125]
Cardiac-resident progenitor cells	Patients undergoing heart surgery for aortic valve disease and/or coronary artery disease	PAPP-A	PAPP-A/IGF-1	apoptosis↓	[126]
Cardiac progenitor cells	Patients undergoing open-chest surgery	not investigated	MAPK/ERK1/2	inflammation↓, angiogenesis↑	[127]
Cardiac telocytes	Normal	miR-21-5p	miR-21-5p/Cdip1/caspase-3	apoptosis↓, angiogenesis↑	[128]
CFs	Hypoxia/reoxygenation	miR-133a↑	miR-133a/ELAVL1	pyroptosis↓	[129]
Epicardial cells	I/R	miR-30a; miR-100; miR-27a; miR-30e	not investigated	cardiomyocyte proliferation↑	[130]

AKT protein kinase B, AMPK adenosine 5 ‘-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase, CDCs cardiosphere-derived cells, Cdip1 cell death inducing protein 1, CFs cardiac fibroblasts, Dyrk2 dual specificity tyrosine (Y) phosphorylation regulated kinase 2, ECs endothelial cells, ELAVL1 ELAV-like RNA-binding protein 1, ELF5 E74-like factor 5, ERK1/2 Extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2, EVs extracellular vesicles, HIF-1α hypoxia-inducible factor 1, I/R ischemia/reperfusion, IGF-1 insulin-like growth factor 1, IL10 interleukin 10, JMY regulatory protein, MAPK mitogen-activated protein kinase, MI myocardial infarction, PAPP-A pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A, PI3K phosphatidylinositol3-kinase, PKCδ protein kinase C δ, SP1 specificity protein 1, SRSF1 serine and arginine rich splicing factor 1, STAT5B signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B, PFN2 profilin 2, VCAM-1 vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, VEGFA vascular endothlial growth factor A

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ISSN: 1478-811X

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