Fig. 5

Cell death evaluation after codelivery of anti-Nrf2 siRNA and CP. The proportion of early and late apoptotis and necrosis among CLL patients-derived PBMCs and BMMCs based on Annexin V-FITC and Propidium iodide apoptosis assay(Horizontal line bars represent the mean in each treatment group, and error bars above and below show the mean with SD) (a). mRNA expression level of Bcl-2 (Horizontal line bars represent the mean in each treatment group, and mean of PBMCs = 0.59 and mean of BMMCs = 0.60) (b) and Bax (Horizontal line bars represent the mean in each treatment group, and mean of PBMCs = 1.52 and mean of BMMCs = 1.56) (c) genes based on RT-PCR technique after combination therapy of both PBMCs and BMMCs with various agents are also shown. The values are normalized to the level of β-actin mRNA expression then relative targeted genes mRNA levels determined by taking the ratio to the untreated cell's value as a calibrator based on the ΔΔCT method. The data corresponding to the primary PBMCs and BMMCs samples obtained from CLL patients are demonstrated as means of individual patient experiments (n = 10). P-values < 0.05 (*), P-values < 0.01 (**), P-values < 0.001 (***) and P-values < 0.0001 (****)