Fig. 3

NP-Nrf2_siRNA-CPs entrance efficiency to PBMCs and BMMCs and suppression of Nrf2 mRNA and protein. The simultaneous study of DAPI and CY5 images using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) show high entrance efficiency of NP-Nrf2_siRNA-CPs to both malignant CLL cells (a). Comparison of Nrf2 mRNA (Horizontal line bars represent the mean in each treatment group, and mean of PBMCs = 0.928 and mean of BMMCs = 0.929) (b) and protein (Horizontal line bars represent the mean in each treatment group, and mean of PBMCs = 4.712 and mean of BMMCs = 4.589, error bars above and below show the mean with SD) (c) expression in both PBMCs and BMMCs respectively based on RT-PCR and western blotting between various therapies. The values were normalized to the level of β-actin mRNA expression. The relative levels of targeted genes mRNA were calculated using the ΔΔCT technique, using the ratio to the value of the untreated cell as a calibrator (b and c). d Shows representative photos of Western blot analysis on PBMCs and BMMCs of CLL patients number 7 (P1) and 3 (P2) after being treated with various agents. The values were normalized to the level of β-actin protein expression, and relative targeted gene protein levels were calculated using the ratio to the value of the untreated cell as a calibrator. Individual patient studies (n = 10) show data from primary CLL patient PBMCs and BMMCs samples. P-values < 0.05 (*), P-values < 0.01 (**), P-values < 0.001 (***) and P-values < 0.0001 (****)