Fig. 3

GDF-11 downregulates CGB expression in primary CTB cells. A Cells were treated with 1, 5, 10, and 30 ng/mL GDF-11 for 48 h. The protein levels of CGB were examined by western blot. B Cells were pretreated with vehicle control (DMSO) or 10 µM SB431542 for 1 h, and then treated with 10 ng/mL GDF-11 (G11) every 24 h for 48 h. The protein levels of CGB were examined by western blot. The results are expressed as the mean ± SEM of at least three independent experiments. The values without a common letter are significantly different (p < 0.05)