Fig. 5

High expression of CD44 is associated with increase in migration of APN KO BMSCs. A APN KO BMSCs were cultured in the presence or absence of rAPN (10 μg/ml), and CD44 expression was analyzed by flow cytometry. B APN KO BMSCs were cultured in the presence or absence of vitexin (20 μM), and CD44 expression was analyzed by flow cytometry. C APN KO BMSCs were cultured with or without DCC-2618, and CD44 expression was analyzed by flow cytometry. D APN KO BMSCs were placed in the upper chamber of the transwell plate with or without α-CD44, and migrated cells were imaged under a light microscopy (× 100 magnification) after 24 h. All images were quantified using ImageJ software. E Protein levels of RhoA, Rock1, pMLC2 (T18/S19), MLC2, and MYLK were analyzed by western blotting. All images were quantified using ImageJ software, and bar graphs were used for quantitative data. All data were expressed as the mean ± SD from at least three independent experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001