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Table 3 Intratumoural microbiota that can produce a tumor-suppressive microenvironment

From: Intratumoural microbiota: from theory to clinical application

Intratumoural microbiota

Mechanism

Cancer

References

Fusobacterium nucleatum

Stimulation of anti-inflammatory myeloid cells in human CRC tissue by activating TIGIT and CEACAM1 inhibitory receptors, thereby impairing NK and T cell function

Colorectal cancer

[55, 83]

Firmicutes phylum

Bacteroides phylum

Promoting T cell differentiation into Th17 and Th1 cells

Colorectal cancer

[84,85,86]

Listeria Monocytogenes

Transforming MDSCs into an immunostimulatory phenotype that produces IL-12

Breast cancer

[87]

Salmonella

Delaying angiogenesis by upregulating Cx43 and downregulating HIF-1α and VEGF

Melanoma

[57, 88, 89]

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Cell Communication and Signaling

ISSN: 1478-811X