Table 1 In various cancer cell lines, the functions of miRNA-93 and important targets with associated phenotypes are highlighted
From: MiRNA-93: a novel signature in human disorders and drug resistance
Tumor type | miRNAs | Levels incancer cell lines compared with normal cell lines | Interactions | Downstream target of miRNA | Effect of miRNA-93 up-regulation on its target | Cell line | Associated phenotypes with dysregulation of miRNA-93 | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lung Cancer | miRNA-93 | Up | FUS1 | FUS1 | Inhibition | NCI-H146, NCI-H157, NCI-H187, NCI-H209, NCI-H526, NCI-H889, NCIH1299, NCIH1648, NCI-H1672, NCI-H1770, NCI-H1819, NCI-H2052, NCI-H2107, NCI-H2171, NCI-H2195, NCI-H2122, NCI-H2887, HCC366, HCC970, HCC1195, HCC2450 | ↑ miRNA-93, ↓ FUS1: ↑ tumor progression | [43] |
miRNA-93-5p | Up | PTEN/RB1 | PTEN/RB1 | Inhibition | A549, SK-MES-1 | ↑ miRNA-93-5p, ↓ PTEN/RB1: ↑ Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion | [44] | |
miRNA-93 | Up | NEDD4L | NEDD4L | Inhibition | A549, H1650 | ↑ miRNA-93, ↓ NEDD4L: ↑ tumorigenesis and metastasis | [41] | |
miRNA-93 | Up | DAB2 | DAB2 | Inhibition | H1993 | ↑ miRNA-93, ↓ DAB2: ↑ tumor growth | [45] | |
miRNA-93 | Up | PI3K/Akt, LKB1, PTEN, p21, CDKN1A | LKB1/PTEN /CDKN1A | Inhibition | A549, NCI-H1975, NCI-H1299 | ↑ miRNA-93, ↓ LKB1/PTEN /CDKN1A/p21, ↑ PI3K/Akt: ↑ tumorigenesis and metastasis | [46] | |
miRNA-93 | Up | ZNRF3, Wnt/β-catenin | ZNRF3 | Inhibition | A549, H460 | ↑ miRNA-93, ↓ZNRF3, ↓ Wnt/β-catenin: ↑ cell proliferation | [47] | |
Breast Cancer | miRNA-93-5p | Up | MKL-1 /STAT3 | MKL-1 /STAT3 | Inhibition | MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, T47D | ↑ miRNA-93-5p, ↓ MKL-1 /STAT3: ↑ migration, ↓EMT | [42] |
miRNA-93 | Up | PI3K/Akt, PTEN | PTEN | Inhibition | MDA-MB-231 | ↑ miRNA-93, ↓ PTEN, ↑ PI3K/Akt: ↑ cell migration, invasion, and proliferation | [12] | |
miRNA-93 | Down | WNK1 | WNK1 | Inhibition | MDA-MB-231 | ↑miRNA-93, ↓ WNK1: ↓ invasive | [34] | |
miRNA-93 | Downregulated (by lncRNA-H19) | STAT3, lncRNA-H19 | STAT3 | Inhibition | HEK293T, MCF‐7, MDA‐MB‐231 | ↑ lncRNA-H19, ↓ miRNA-93, ↑ STAT3: ↓proliferation | [48] | |
miRNA-93 | Up | LATS2 | LATS2 | Inhibition | MT-1 | ↑ miRNA-93-5p, ↓ LATS2: ↑ angiogenesis and metastasis | [49] | |
Colorectal Cancer | miRNA-93-5p | Up | MDR1, CDKN1A | CDKN1A | Inhibition | HCT‑8, MDR HCT‑8/vincristine (VCR) | ↑ miRNA-93-5p, ↓CDKN1A, ↑ MDR1: ↑ MDR | [14] |
miRNA-93-5p | Up | FOXA1, TGFB3 | FOXA1 | Inhibition | HT-29, SW480, LoVo | ↑ miRNA-93-5p, ↓ FOXA1: ↑ tumor growth | [50] | |
miRNA-93 | Down | Smad7, Wnt/β-catenin | Smad7 | Inhibition | HCT116, HT29, SW480, SW620, LoVo, LS174T | ↓ miRNA-93, ↑ Wnt/β-catenin, ↓ Smad7: ↓ tumor growth | [51] | |
miRNA-93-5p | Downregulated (by CTBP1-AS2) | TGF-β/SMAD2/3, CTBP1-AS2 | TGF-β | Inhibition | Caco-2, SW620, HT29, T84, HCT116, SW480 | ↑ CTBP1-AS2, ↓miRNA-93-5p, ↑ TGF-β/SMAD2/3 pathway: ↑ cell proliferation and invasion and decreased apoptosis | [40] | |
miRNA-93 | Up | CCNB1, ERBB2, P21, VEGF | CCNB1, ERBB2, P21, VEGF | Inhibition | Caco2, LoVo, HCT116 (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA) | ↑ miRNA-93-5p, ↓ CCNB1, ERBB2, P21, VEGF: ↓ tumorigenesis | [39] | |
miRNA‐93‐5p | Down | MMP‐1, 2, MMP-9, IL‐2, IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, PD‐L1 | PD‐L1 | Inhibition | HCT116, SW480 | ↓ miRNA-93-5p, ↑ PD‐L1, ↓ MMP‐1, 2, MMP‐9: ↓ migration and invasion | [52] | |
miRNA-93 | Downregulated by lncRNA CA3-AS1 | lncRNA CA3-AS1, PTEN | PTEN | Inhibition | HCT-116, SW480, SW620, SW1116, HT29 | ↑ CA3-AS1, ↓ miRNA-93, ↑ PTEN: ↑ apoptosis, ↓ proliferation, invasion | [53] | |
Liver Cancer | miRNA-93 | Up | TIMP2, TP53INP1, CDKN1A | TIMP2/TP53INP1 /CDKN1A | Inhibition | WRL68, HepG2, SMMC7721, SKHEP1, HUH7 | ↑ miRNA-93, ↓ TIMP2, TP53INP1, CDKN1A: ↑ proliferation and invasion | [54] |
miRNA-93 | Up | PDCD4 | PDCD4 | Inhibition | HEK293T, SMMCC-7721, Huh-7 | ↑ miRNA-93, ↓ PDCD4: ↑migration and invasion | [55] | |
miRNA-93 | Up | T-ICs, MTMR3 | MTMR3 | Inhibition | HCCLM3, EpCAM + , EpCAM − | ↑ miRNA-93, ↓ MTMR3, ↑T-ICs: ↑ resistance to sorafenib treatment | [56] | |
miRNA-93-5p | Up | PPARGC1A, CDKN1A, CEBPB, TFs CCAAT | PPARGC1A, CDKN1A, CEBPB, TFs CCAAT | Inhibition | 293 T, L-02, a SMMC-7721, Huh-7, SK-Hep-1, HepG2, HCCLM3, and MHCC97H | ↑ miRNA-93-5p, ↓ PPARGC1A, CDKN1A, CEBPB, TFs CCAAT: ↑cell proliferation | [57] | |
miRNA-93 | Up | PDCD4 | PDCD4 | Inhibition | QGY-7703, SMMC-7721 | ↑ miRNA-93, ↓ PDCD4: ↑ cell proliferation | [58] | |
miRNA-93-5p | Up | MAP3K2, MKK4, P38, JNK, c-Jun | - | - | HepG2, BEL-7402, Hep3B, MHCC-97L, MHCC-97H, HCC-LM3 | ↑ miRNA-93-5p, ↑ MAP3K2, MKK4, P38, JNK, c-Jun: ↑ proliferation | [59] | |
miRNA-93 | Up | PTEN, CDKN1A, c-Met/PI3K/Akt | PTEN, CDKN1A | Inhibition | HepG2, Hep3B, PLC/PRF/5, SNU398, SNU423, SNU449 | ↑ miRNA-93, ↓ PTEN, CDKN1A, ↑ c-Met/PI3K/Akt: ↑ cell proliferation, migration, and invasion | [60] | |
Gastric Cancer | miRNA-93-5p | Up | IFNAR1, MMP9, STAT3 | IFNAR1 | Inhibition | MGC803, MKN28, SGC-7901, HGC-27, BGC-823, MKN45, AGS, HEK293 | ↑ miRNA-93-5p, ↓IFNAR1, ↑ STAT3: ↑cell metastasis | [61] |
miRNA-93 | Up | PDCD4 | PDCD4 | Inhibition | AGS | ↑ miRNA-93-5p, ↓ PDCD4: ↑ tumor growth | [62] | |
miRNA-93-5p | Up | FAT4, LATS2 | FAT4, LATS2 | Inhibition | SGC-7901, HGC-27 | ↑ miRNA-93-5p, ↓FAT4, LATS2: ↑ tumor progression | [63] | |
miRNA-93 | Up | TIMP2 | TIMP2 | Inhibition | SGC-7901, MKN-28, BGC-823, MGC-803, MKN-45, GES-1 | ↑ miRNA-93, ↓ TIMP2: ↑ proliferation and metastasis | [64] | |
miRNA-93-5p | Up | AHNAK, DKK1 | AHNAK | Inhibition | SUN-216, BGC-823, MKN74, HGC-27, GES-1 | ↑ miRNA-93-5p, ↓ AHNAK: ↑cell migration, invasion and EMT | [65] | |
miRNA-93-5p | Downregulated (by Matrine) | AHNAK | AHNAK | Inhibition | MKN‐28, SGC‐7901 | ↑ Matrine, ↓ miRNA-93-5p, ↑ AHNAK: ↑proliferation, migration and invasion | [66] | |
Pancreatic Cancer | miRNA-93 | Up | CRMP-2, YES1, MAPRE1 | CRMP-2, YES1, MAPRE1 | Inhibition | HPDE, HEK-293 T, PANC-1, MIA PaCa-2 | ↑ miRNA-93, ↓ CRMP-2, YES1, MAPRE1: ↑tumor progression | [67] |
miRNA-93 | Down | RUNX1, HMGA2 | RUNX1 | Inhibition | PANC-1, MIA PaCa-2 | ↓ miRNA-93, ↑RUNX1: ↑cell migration and invasion | [68] | |
Bladder Cancer | miRNA-93-5p | Up | BTG2 | BTG2 | Inhibition | T24, UM-UC-3, SV-HUC-1 | ↑ miRNA-93-5p, ↓ BTG2: ↑ proliferation, migration and invasion | [69] |
miRNA-93 | Up | PEDF | PEDF | Inhibition | TCCSUP, 5637, UM-UC-3, T24 | ↑ miRNA-93, ↓ PEDF: ↑ proliferation and invasion | [70] | |
miRNA-93-5p | Up | KLF9 | KLF9 | Inhibition | SV-HUC-1, 5637, RT-112, RT4, BT-B | ↑ miRNA-93-5p, ↓ KLF9: ↑ proliferation and migration | [71] | |
miRNA-93 | Down | LASS2 | LASS2 | Inhibition | RT4, T24 | ↓ miRNA-93, ↑ LASS2: ↑ chemo-sensitivity | [72] | |
Cervical Cancer | miRNA-93-5p | Up | THBS2, MMPS | THBS2 | Inhibition | siHa, 293 T | ↑ miRNA-93-5p, ↓ THBS2: ↑ proliferation, invasion and migration | [73] |
miRNA-93-5p | Up | BTG3, HR‑HPV | BTG3 | Inhibition | SiHa, CaSk, HeLa, C4-1, C33A | ↑ miRNA-93-5p, ↓BTG3: ↓ proliferation, invasion and migration | [74] | |
miRNA-93 | Up | CDKN1A | CDKN1A | inhibition | Hela | ↑ miRNA-93, ↓ CDKN1A: ↑proliferation and invasion | [75] | |
miRNA-93 | Downregulated (by MCM3AP-AS1) | - | - | - | C-33A (HPV-negative) and SiHa (HPV positive) | ↑ MCM3AP-AS1, ↓miRNA-93: ↓ cell proliferation | [76] | |
Prostate Cancer | miRNA-93 | Up | TGFΒR2, ITGB8, LATS2 | - | - | RWPE-1, PC-3, LNCaP, DU145, 22RV1 | ↑ miRNA-93, ↑ TGFΒR2, ITGB8, LATS2: ↑proliferation and invasion | [15] |
miRNA-93 | Up | DAB2, Akt/ERK1/2 | DAB2 | Inhibition | PC-3, DU145 | ↑ miRNA-93-5p, ↓ DAB2: ↑ progression and metastasis | [77] | |
Glioma | miRNA-93 | Up | PTEN, PHLPP2, FOXO3, PI3K/Akt | PTEN, PHLPP2, FOXO3 | Inhibition | U251MG, A172, LN229, SF767, U118MG, U87MG, Hs683, LN18, SHG44 | ↑ miRNA-93, ↓ PTEN, PHLPP2, FOXO3, C PI3K/Akt signaling: ↑ Proliferation | [78] |
miRNA-93 | Up | P21 | P21 | Inhibition | U87, U251, SF126, SF767, A172, SHG44 | ↑ miRNA-93, ↓ P21: ↑ proliferation, colony formation, drug resistance | [79] | |
miRNA-93 | Up | RBL2 | RBL2 | Inhibition | NHAs, U251, U87 | ↑ miRNA-93, ↓ C RBL2: ↑ migration and invasion | [80] | |
miRNA-93-5p | Down | MMP2 | MMP2 | Inhibition | U87-MG, LN-18 | ↓ miRNA-93, ↑MMP2: ↓ proliferation and metastasis | [81] | |
miRNA-93 | Up | IL-8, VEGF | IL-8, VEGF | Inhibition | U251, T98G | ↑ miRNA-93, ↓ IL-8, VEGF: ↑angiogenesis | [82] | |
Osteosarcoma | miRNA-93 | Up | PTEN, Akt | PTEN | Inhibition | HOS, SaOS, MG-63, NY, Hu09, | ↑ miRNA-93, ↓ PTEN: ↑proliferation | [83] |
miRNA-93 | Up | P21 | P21 | Inhibition | Saos-2, U2OS, SW1353, MG63, hFOB1.19, HEK293 | ↑ miRNA-93, ↓ P21: ↑ proliferation | [84] | |
miRNA-93 | Up | TIMP2, MMPs | TIMP2 | Inhibition | U-2OS, OS-732, HOS, Saos-2, hFOB | ↑ miRNA-93, ↓ TIMP2: ↑ cell viability, invasion, and EMT | [85] | |
Renal cancer | miRNA-93 | Down | RBL2, TGF-beta | RBL2 | Inhibition | 786-O, 796-P | ↓ miRNA-93, ↑ RBL2: ↑ tumor progression | [86] |
Esophageal carcinoma | miRNA-93-5p | Up | TGFβR2 | TGFβR2 | Inhibition | Het-1A (BNCC337688), and EC cell lines [TE-1 (BNCC100151), Eca-109 (BNCC337687) and EC9706 (BNCC339892)] | ↑ miRNA-93-5p, ↓ TGFβR2: ↑ proliferation, migration and invasion, ↓ apoptosis | [87] |
miRNA-93-5p | Up | PTEN, p21, cyclin D1 | PTEN | Inhibition | EC9706 | ↑ miRNA-93-5p, ↓ PTEN, p21, ↑ cyclin D1: ↑ proliferation | [88] | |
Papillary thyroid carcinoma | miRNA-93-3p | Downregulated (by ASMTL-AS1) | ASMTL-AS1, miR-93-3p, miR-660, FOXO1 | FOXO1 | Inhibition | Nthy-ori 3–1 | ↑ ASMTL-AS1, ↓ miRNA-93-3p, miR-660, ↑ FOXO1: ↑ tumor growth and glycolysis | [89] |