Fig. 8

Schematic model indicates that promoting SR-A1-mediated engulfment of HMGB1 by AMPK activation facilitates the resolution of inflammation and alleviates CIPN. L-OHP increases HMGB1 release from stress cells and inhibits macrophage endocytosis of HMGB1 via AMPK inactivation. HMGB1 accumulation subsequently induces MMP-9 release via the TLR4-mediated inflammatory signaling pathway and contributes to the progression of CIPN. AMPK agonists activate PKC and promote SR-A1 transfer to the membrane to mediate the engulfment of HMGB1 and degradation in lysosome, leading to the resolution of inflammation and attenuation of CIPN