Table 4 Studies reporting on pro-& anti-tumorigenic effects exerted by irradiated CAFs
From: Cancer-associated fibroblasts in radiotherapy: Bystanders or protagonists?
Ref. | Tumor type | Fibroblast type | Experimental Model | Effects |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Li [101] | Pancreatic cancer | CAFs & NFs | In vitro (co-cultures) In vivo (co-injections) | iCAFs enhance tumor cell invasion and promote EMT. ↑SFD-1 |
Mantoni [102] | Pancreatic cancer | PSC LTC-14 | In vitro (co-cultures) In vivo (co-injections) | CAF-mediated increased radioprotection of tumor cells. Integrin-β signaling |
Pereira [103] | Pancreatic cancer | CAFs primary cultures | Orthotopic implantation of clinical specimens | iNOS/NO expression from iCAFs increase intra-tumoral pH and tumor growth. Activation of NF-kB and secretion of cytokines in tumor cells by CAF-CM |
Tommelein [104] | Colo-rectal cancer | CAFs | In vitro (supernatants) In vivo (co-injections) | Increased IGF-1 secretion; iCAFs promote cancer cell survival and radioprotection |
Nicolas [105] | Rectal cancer | CAFs in organoids | In vitro (PD organoids) | Radiation-induced IL-1a in tumor cells provoke polarization of CAFs towards inflammatory/pro-tumorigenic phenotype |
Meng [106] | Lung cancer | CAFs primary cultures | In vitro co-cultures In vivo (co-injections) | Pro-tumorigenic effects from IR-induced senescent CAFs. Pharmacological targeting of senescent-like CAFs radio-sensitize tumors |
Grinde [107] | NSCLC | CAFs primary cultures | In vivo co-injections | Reduced pro-tumorigenic functions by irradiated CAFs in vivo |
Hellevik [108] | NSCLC | CAFs primary cultures | In vitro co-cultures | Irradiated CAFs do NOT enhance proliferative and migratory functions on tumor cells |