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Fig. 6 | Cell Communication and Signaling

Fig. 6

From: Artemisinin derivatives induce oxidative stress leading to DNA damage and caspase-mediated apoptosis in Theileria annulata-transformed cells

Fig. 6

Artemisinin derivatives activate caspase-dependent mitochondrial apoptotic pathways A Representative flow cytometry analysis of Theileria infected cells with or without treatment. Induced cell death was determined 48 h after treatment with ARS or DHART in combination with or without Z-VAD-fmk by Annexin V/PI-based flow cytometry analysis. B The graph shows the percentage of apoptotic cells after treatment with various concentrations of ARS or DHART based on the FACS (Annexin V/PI) analysis. Staurosporine treated sample was used as a positive control. The error bars reflect mean plus/minus standard deviations. C The graph shows the assessment of mitochondrial potential using JC-1 dye based on the red (~ 590 nm)/green (~ 529 nm) fluorescence intensity ratio of Theileria-infected cells with or without treatment. Staurosporine treated sample was used as a positive control. The error bars reflect mean plus/minus standard deviations. In the graph, ****represents the significance of (P < 0.0001), while ***represents the significance of (P < 0.001). D Western blot analysis of the ART and DHART treated cells using p53 and ß-actin antibodies. E Immunofluorescence analysis of T. annulata infected cells after 24 h treatment with ARS and DHART using anti-p53 and TaSP antibody. DAPI was used for nuclear staining

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Cell Communication and Signaling

ISSN: 1478-811X