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Fig. 2 | Cell Communication and Signaling

Fig. 2

From: Artemisinin derivatives induce oxidative stress leading to DNA damage and caspase-mediated apoptosis in Theileria annulata-transformed cells

Fig. 2

Artemisinin derivatives show early parasite clearance and synergism in combination with BPQ. A Table shows result of checker board assay using different combinations of artesunate, dihydroartemisinin, and BPQ against T. annulata infected cells after 48 h of treatment. B Graph shows the synergistic activity of the combination therapy. C Scanning electron microscopy showing the effect of combination therapy on T. annulata infected cells. D The graph shows the growth kinetics of treated and nontreated T. annulata infected cells using the trypan blue dye exclusion method. The data represent a total of 5 biological replicates for each time point. two-way ANOVA was performed to check the statistical significance, and Dunnett's multiple comparisons test was used for the analysis. The mean of each treatment was compared with the respective control time point, and the graph represents the standard error mean for each condition. In the graph, *represents the significance of (P ≤ 0.05), while **represents the significance of (P ≤ 0.01), ***represents the significance of (P ≤ 0.001), and ****represents the significance of (P < 0.0001)

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Cell Communication and Signaling

ISSN: 1478-811X