Forthcoming complications in recovered COVID-19 patients with COPD and asthma; possible therapeutic opportunities

Rajabi, Hadi; Mortazavi, Deniz; Konyalilar, Nur; Aksoy, Gizem Tuse; Erkan, Sinem; Korkunc, Seval Kubra; Kayalar, Ozgecan; Bayram, Hasan; Rahbarghazi, Reza

doi:10.1186/s12964-022-00982-5

Cell Communication and Signaling

Table 2 Different mechanisms are involved in stem cell regeneration ability

From: Forthcoming complications in recovered COVID-19 patients with COPD and asthma; possible therapeutic opportunities

In vivo/in vitro or disease models	Type of stem cells	Involving factors	Outcome	Ref
Rat’s acute lung injury	BM-MSCs	Downregulation of inflammatory factors: VEGF, NF-ƘB, and IL-17A	Alleviating lung injury	[152]
Rat’s acute lung injury	BM-MSCs		Repairing of alveolar type II epithelial cells	[152]
Lung progenitor organoid cultures	BM-MSCs	Increasing the number of Epcam + Sca-1 + distal lung epithelial cells	Increased alveolar differentiation to tissue repair	[153]
COPD patients' tissue-derived organoids/A549 cell line	Lung derived MSCs	Downregulation of TGF-β and WNT-5A	Induce generation of alveolar organoids	[154]
			Attenuates alveolar epithelial injury
			Trigger Epithelial repair
Rat myocardial infarction model	BM-MSCs	Increasing the expression of TGF-β, FGF-2, angiopoietin-2, VEGF-1	Increase in angiogenesis rate	[155]
Rat myocardial infarction model	BM-MSCs		Induces myocardial regeneration and cardiac function	[155]
The 4-week-old female New Zealand white rabbits injured endometrium model	BM-MSCs	Increasing CK-19 expressions	Regulate repair of injured endometrium	[156]
		Upregulation of TGF-β1, TGF-β1R, and Smad2 mRNA	Enlarging the number of glands of the endometrial damaged uterus
		Downregulation of the expression of TGF-β1 and Smad2 mRNA	Reducing e fibrosis area of the endometrial damaged uterus
Culture of human iPSC-MSCs Bowel disease models in mice	iPSC-MSCs	Multiplying the frequency of CD44+ cells and CBC stem cells (Lgr5+ cells) in colonoids	Promote crypt epithelial cell proliferation via TSG-6	[157]
Culture of human iPSC-MSCs Bowel disease models in mice	iPSC-MSCs	The expression and secretion of TSG-6 before the coculture with colonoids	Promote crypt epithelial cell proliferation via TSG-6	[157]
Mice DSS (dextran sulfate sodium)-induced colitis model	ESC-MSCs	Decrease of CXCL1, CXCL2, IL-6, and MCP-1 significantly	Ameliorate colon epithelial proliferation and integrity	[158]
		Reducing epithelium loss and inflammatory cell infiltration	Encourage the colon epithelial integrity and regeneration
		Increase of IGF1R, p-IGF1R, AKT, and p-AKT in the treatment group	Encourage the colon epithelial integrity and regeneration
Sprague–Dawley rats cutaneous wound healing models	HucMSCs	Increasing B-catenin and its downstream genes (cyclin-D1, cyclin-D3, and N-cadherin)	Promote wound closure of reversible scratches with concomitant treatment	[159]
Sprague–Dawley rats cutaneous wound healing models	HucMSCs	The induction of b-catenin downstream genes (cyclin-D1, cyclin-D3, and N-cadherin)	Upgrade the phosphorylation of GSK3b and inhibited the activity of GSK3b	[159]

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ISSN: 1478-811X

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