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Fig. 2 | Cell Communication and Signaling

Fig. 2

From: Small extracellular vesicles: from promoting pre-metastatic niche formation to therapeutic strategies in breast cancer

Fig. 2

Role of exosomal PD-L1 in breast cancer. On the one hand, tumour cell surface-specific antigens are recognized by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and apoptosis occurs; on the other hand, the combination of PD-1 on the surface of T cells and PD-L1 on the surface of tumour cells inhibits T-cell proliferation, and breast cancer cells secret sEVs that carry PD-L1 to bind to PD-1 on T cells, inhibiting T-cell activation and cell-killing activities

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Cell Communication and Signaling

ISSN: 1478-811X