Table 2 Diagnostic effect of exosomes in stroke patients
From: Exosomes-based therapy of stroke, an emerging approach toward recovery
Exosome | miRNA | The role | Mechanism | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Exo in the serum of acute ischemic stroke patients 24Â h after stroke | miRNA-134 | Diagnosis and prognosis of stroke | Enhancing of serum interleukin 6 (IL-6) and plasma high-sensitivity C relative protein (hs-CRP) expression | [170] |
Exo in human circulating blood with acute ischemic stroke patients 72Â h after stroke | miRNA-223 | Diagnosis and prognosis of stroke | Correlation with acute ischemic stroke occurrence, stroke severity, and short-term outcomes | [171] |
Exo in the serum of acute ischemic stroke patients | miRNA-9 and miRNA-124 | Diagnosis and prognosis of stroke | A positive correlation between both miR-9 and miR-124 levels with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores, infarct size, and concentrations of IL-6 in the serum | [172] |
The plasma-derived Exo in patients with different phases of ischemic stroke | miRNA-21-5p | A biomarker to Diagnosis and identifies in early-stage of ischemic stroke | The plasma exosomal miR-21-5p levels are significantly higher in patients than in the control group | [173] |
The plasma-derived Exo in patients with acute phase and subacute phase of ischemic stroke | miR-422a and miR-125b-2-3p | A blood-based reference for monitoring and diagnosing patients with ischemic stroke | Decreasing plasma exosomal miRNA-422a and miR-125b-2-3p expression in the subacute phase group and increasing miRNA-422a levels in the acute phase group rather than in the control group and reduction of plasma exosomal miR-422a and miR-125b-2-3p expression in the subacute phase group than in the acute phase group | [174] |