Fig. 5
The rhythm disturbance and its consequences in skeletal muscle cell in osteoarthritis condition. During osteoarthritis process, the skeletal muscle cell core rhythmic genes, including Bmal1 and Clock are disturbed. The disturbance of core rhythmic genes in skeletal muscle cell aggravates the aging, fibrosis, and mitochondria dysfunction. OA, osteoarthritis; Bmal1: brain and muscle arnt-like protein 1; Clock: circadian locomotor output cycles kaput; Col4, collagens 4; Col6, collagens 6; Hspg2, proteoglycan perlecan; Agrn, agrin; Dag1, dystroglycan; Tcf4, fibroblast associated genes transcription factor 4; Scx, scleraxis; Fgf1, fibroblast growth factor 1; Fgf1r, Fgf1 receptor; Pparg, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma