Fig. 2

Tunicamycin reduces PGC-1α in human myotubes and mouse skeletal muscle. A Time course of PGC-1α, ATF4 and TRIB3 mRNA levels in human LHCN-M2 myotubes incubated in the absence (control) or presence of 2 µg/ml of tunicamycin. B mRNA and C protein levels in human LHCN-M2 myotubes incubated for 16 h in the absence (control) or presence of 2 µg/ml of tunicamycin. Data are the mean ± SEM (n = 6–12 per group for mRNA and n = 3–6 for proteins). D mRNA and E protein levels in the skeletal muscle of mice treated with vehicle or tunicamycin for 24 h. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 5 per group). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001 versus control