Fig. 3

E2 relieved apoptosis by upregulating SERCA2a. a Representative images of TUNEL-stained cardiomyocytes of each group in vivo (× 400) and the percentage of TUNEL-positive cells (n = 4). Blue: DAPI-stained nuclei; green: fragmented DNA. b Flow cytometry by staining with Annexin V-APC/PI and the apoptosis rate of each group in vitro (n = 4). c Bcl-2/Bax ratio in myocardial tissue of rats (n = 3; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs. sham; ^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01, ^###P < 0.001 vs. OVX; ^$P < 0.05, ^$$P < 0.01, ^$$$P < 0.001 vs. OVX + E2; ^&P < 0.05, ^&&P < 0.01, vs. I/R; ^@@P < 0.01 vs. OVX + I/R; ^%P < 0.05 vs. OVX + E2 + I/R; ^{^}P < 0.05 vs. Ad-EGFP + I/R). d Bcl-2/Bax ratio in NRCMs (n = 3; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs. con; ^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01 vs. H/R; ^$P < 0.05, ^$$P < 0.01 vs. E2 + H/R; ^%P < 0.05, ^%%P < 0.01 vs. Ad-EGFP + H/R; ^&P < 0.05, ^&&P < 0.01 vs. Ad-SERCA2a + H/R; ^@P < 0.05, ^@@P < 0.01 vs. si-NC + H/R; ^{^^^}P < 0.001 vs. si-SERCA2a + H/R; ^aaaP < 0.001 vs. Ad-SERCA2a + E2 + H/R)