Type of tumor | Biomarker type | Effect | References |
---|---|---|---|
Metastatic melanoma | Diagnostic biomarker | Exo-PD-L1 levels in patients is higher than those in healthy controls | [8] |
NSCLC | Diagnostic biomarker | Exo-PD-L1 levels patients in is higher than those in healthy controls | [136] |
HNSCC | Tumor progression biomarker | The RFV of Exo-PD-L1 in patients with high UICC stage was higher than that in patients with low UICC stage | [124] |
NSCLC | Tumor progression biomarker | High levels of Exo-PD-L1 were associated with larger tumor size, positive lymph node status, distant metastasis and advanced TNM stage | [136] |
Pancreatic cancer | Tumor progression biomarker | The OS of patients with high Exo-PD-L1 levels was markedly lower | [125] |
GC | Tumor progression biomarker | The OS of patients with high Exo-PD-L1 levels was markedly lower | [126] |
Osteosarcoma | Tumor progression biomarker | The levels of Exo-PD-L1 were positively correlated larger tumor size | [114] |
Glioblastoma | Tumor progression biomarker | Exo-PD-L1 is associated with lung metastasis of osteosarcoma | [146] |
Melanoma | The marker of the efficacy of ICB | High levels of Exo-PD-L1 are associated with low response to anti-PD-1 therapy | |
NSCLC | The marker of the efficacy of ICB | The level of Exo-PD-L1 was lower in patients with effective anti-PD-1 therapy | [147] |