Fig. 1

Tau aggregation inhibition by Baicalein. a Tau protein domain organization with the known binding sites for the small molecule inhibitors of Tau aggregation. b ThS fluorescence for aggregation kinetics of full-length Tau in presence of varying concentrations of Baicalein. The ThS fluorescence decreased with increase in dose of Baicalein showing concentration dependent inhibition of Tau aggregation. c ThS fluorescence for Baicalein treated samples at the initial time point revealed that the higher concentrations had rapid effect on inhibiting Tau aggregation within first 24 h. The ThS fluorescence intensity decreased rapidly in the 24 h time window and remained at basal level throughout the kinetics. d The ThS percent inhibition of Tau aggregation at different concentrations of Baicalein. The highest concentration of Baicalein 500 μM showed around 85% inhibition followed by 75% by 100 μM of Baicalein. e The IC₅₀ value for full-length Tau aggregation inhibition, which was found to be 27.69 μM of Baicalein. (The values are mean ± std. deviation of two independent experiments. The statistical analysis was carried out by Student’s unpaired t test with respect to Baicalein untreated control. ***p ≤ 0.001, **p ≤ 0.01, *p ≤ 0.05. ns non-significant p value). Further, post hoc analysis was carried by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s criterion was determined for honestly significant difference (HSD). The data was considered significant if |X–X′| > Tukey’s criterion