IL-9 and IL-9-producing cells in tumor immunity

Table 2 IL-9-producing cells in anti-tumor immunity

Cell type	Effector factor	Pathway effect	Target tumor	Reference
Th9	IL-9	DCs ↑ → CD8⁺ T	Melanoma	[74]
Th9	/	Eomes ↑ TRAF6 ↑	Melanoma	[75]
Th9	Granzyme B	Killing effect	Melanoma	[32]
Th9	IL-9	Activate mast cell	Melanoma	[32]
Th9	IL-9 IL-21	CTL	Breast cancer	[9]
Tc9	IL-9	/	Melanoma	[76]
Tc9	IL-9	IL-7α^high KLRG1^low	Breast cancer	[77, 78]
Vδ2 T	IL-9	IFN-γ ↑	/	[79, 80]
Mast cell	/	IL-1β ↑ TNF ↑	Melanoma	[31, 32, 81]

ISSN: 1478-811X