Fig. 5
![Fig. 5](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12964-019-0376-9/MediaObjects/12964_2019_376_Fig5_HTML.png)
KBP stimulates M1 polarization in vitro. The mRNA expression levels of different markers/cytokines of M1 or M2 macrophages were measured, and the M1/M2 ratio was calculated. a The M1/M2 ratio in THP-1 cells. b The M1/M2 ratios of different groups in RAW264.7 cells. c The M1/M2 ratios of different groups in BMDMs. d The levels of type-1 immune cytokines (TNFα and IL-6) in the supernatants of different groups of RAW264.7 cells. e-g Western blot to detect iNOS and ARG1 in THP-1 cells, RAW264.7 cells and BMDMs together with a greyscale histogram. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. n = 3; * p < 0.05