Figure 5
From: The secret life of kinases: functions beyond catalysis
Non-catalytic functions of FAK and PAK kinases in cell motility and survival. (A) FAK mediated translocation of paxillin to the cell membrane initiates activation of the JNK pathway and cell motility by recruiting the Rac/Cdc42 exchange factor PIX. (B) FAK and the related kinase Pyk2 can translocate to the nucleus where they bind p53 and Mdm2 to induce p53 ubiquitination and degradation, promoting cell proliferation and survival. (C) PAK1 regulates focal adhesion dynamics by promoting paxillin recruitment to focal adhesions. (D) Chemotactic cytokines via Gβ/γ proteins induce a positive feedback activation of Cdc42 by activating Rac, which in turn activates the Rac/Cdc42 exchange factor PIX. (E) PAK1 scaffolds the activation of Akt1 by PDK1 at the cell membrane and coordinates the selective phosphorylation of downstream Akt1 substrates.