Fig. 2
From: Role of STING in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer
cGAS can recognize cytoplasmic dsDNA in cancer cells caused by DNA virus infection, genomic DNA damage or mitochondrial DNA leakage. Subsequently, cGAMP can be catalyzed by cGAS using ATP and GTP as substrates, which can activate and stimulate STING, leading to alteration in its conformation and activation of TBK1 and IKK. This results in the activation and phosphorylation of IRF3 and NF-κB, and phosphorylation promotes the nuclear translocation of IRF3 and NF-κB, which induces the expression of IFN I and other cytokines related to immune regulation