Fig. 1From: Mutual regulation of PD-L1 immunosuppression between tumor-associated macrophages and tumor cells: a critical role for exosomesMechanism of exosomes mediated TAM regulation of PD-L1 expression. Exosomes regulate the expression of tumor cells and TAM PD-L1 mainly through two ways: (a) Direct delivery dependent on PD-L1; (b) By acting on PTEN, STAT, TOLL receptor, NF-κB mediated signaling pathwaysBack to article page