Fig. 2
From: Aldose reductase mediates endothelial cell dysfunction induced by high uric acid concentrations
High UA increased AR expression via p38/MAPK pathway. Effect of UA on mitogen-activates protein kinase (MAPK) pathway activation (a). UA activated p38 and extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK) 44/42 MAPK pathway in HUVEC. Western blots shown are representative of four experiments for phosphorylated and total p38 and phosphorylated and total ERK44/42. Effect of co-stimulation of UA with MAPK inhibitors and probenecid on AR protein expression (B). UA-induced expression of AR (600 μM, 48 h) was blocked by inhibitors of p38 (SB203580, 5 μM), ERK42/44 (PD 98059, 10 μM), MAPK, and probenecid (PN)