Table 1 Clinical value of tRFs in cancers

Potential diagnostic and prognostic predictive utility

Hypopharyngeal carcinoma

tRF-1:30-Lys-CTT-1-M2

Up-regulated

[88]

SCCHN

tRF-20-S998LO9D

Up-regulated

[89]

PTC

tRF-39-0VL8K87SIRMM12E2

tRF-38-0VL8K87SIRMM12V

Up-regulated

[62]

CRC

5’-tRF-GlyGCC

Up-regulated

[9]

tRF3008A

Down-regulated

[69]

tRF-phe-GAA031

tRF-VAL-TCA-002

Up-regulated

[70]

GC

tRF-31-U5YKFN8DYDZDD

Up-regulated

[91]

tRF-3019a

Up-regulated

[68]

hsa_tsr016141

Up-regulated

[92]

tRF-Glu-TTC-027

Down-regulated

[93]

tRF-19-3L7L73JD

Down-regulated

[94]

PDAC

tRF-Pro-CGG

Down-regulated

[95]

AS-tDR-000064

AS-tDR-000069

AS-tDR-000102

Up-regulated

[96]

AS-tDR-001391

Down-regulated

Breast cancer

tRF-Glu-CTC-003

tRF-Gly-CCC-007

tRF-Gly-CCC-008

tRF-Leu-CAA-003

tRF-Ser-TGA-001

tRF-Ser-TGA-002

Up-regulated

[97]

tRF-Gly-CCC-046

tRF-Tyr-GTA-010

tRF-Pro-TGG-001

Down-regulated

[99]

Prostate cancer

tRF-544

Down-regulated

[17]

tRF-315

Up-regulated

Ovarian cancer

i-tRF-GlyGCC

up-regulated

[75]

NSCLC

tRF-Leu-CAG

Up-regulated

[29]

tRF-16-L85J3KE

Down-regulated

[56]

tRF-21-RK9P4P9L0

tRF-16-PSQP4PE

Up-regulated

[74]

tRF-Ser-TGA-010

tRF-Arg-CCT-018

tRF-Val-CAC-017

Down-regulated

[100]

BlCa

5’-tRF-LysCTT

Up-regulated

[104]

UVM

18-nt long tRFs

Up-regulated

[105]

20-nt long tRFs

Down-regulated

MM

tRF-60:76-Arg-ACG-1-M2

Down-regulated

[106]

Potential clinical therapeutic targets

Orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma

LeuCAG3′tsRNA

Apoptosis

[108]

GC

tRF-19-3L7L73JD

Proliferation,migration, apoptosis

[94]

tRF-24-V29K9UV3IU

Proliferation, migration invasion, apoptosis

[72]

tRF-33-P4R8YP9LON4VDP

Antitumor effect

[109]

Prostate cancer

tRF-1001

Proliferation

[80]

tRF-315

Apoptosis

[83]

Ovarian cancer

tRF-T11

Cytotoxicity

[110]