Fig. 1
Combined screenings for the viral proteins that regulate the infectivity via exosomal transfer. A The workflow of the screenings. Exosomes were purified from the conditioned media of HEK293T cells that were transfected with each plasmid expressing an Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) gene. To analyze modulators of infectivity, EBV-negative Akata(-) cells were pretreated with purified exosomes and then infected with EGFP-EBV. The infectivity was determined at 48 h post-infection (hpi) by FACS analysis. To identify exosomal proteins, purified exosomes were analyzed by immunoblotting with an anti-HA antibody. B Heatmap presenting the fold change (FC) of infectivity of EBV with Akata(-) cells in the presence of each exosome at 48 hpi. Infectivity changes (top panel) reflect the log2 FC relative to the control exosome purified from empty vector-transfected cells. FCs greater than 1 are displayed in red; and thoses smaller than 1 are displayed in blue. p values are presented in the middle panel. The viral protein in purified exosomes is indicated in black in the bottom panel