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Table 2 Cell types and biomolecules involved in EV-mediated progression of tissue injury

From: Extracellular vesicles: mediators of intercellular communication in tissue injury and disease

Injury-causing agent

EV-secreting cell type

EV cargo changes

Effect on injury response

References

Docetaxel, doxorubicin

Breast cancer cells

↑ miR-203a-3p

Induction of cancer stem cell characteristics

[46]

↑ miR-9-5p

↑ miR-195-5p

Cytosine arabinoside

AML cells

↑ HMGCR

Increased cholesterol production and proliferation in AML cells

[48]

IR (6 Gy)

Head and neck cancer cells

↑ FGFR1

Enhanced migration and invasion in cancer cells; enhanced MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression

[74]

↑ HSP90

↓ KRT80

↓ LAMP1

IR (3 Gy) + hypoxia

Lung cancer cells

↑ ANGPTL4

Promotes migration and invasion in cancer cells; increased vascularization in endothelial cells

[77]

Tobacco smoke

Macrophages

↑ MMP-14

Degradation of lung connective tissue in emphysema

[112]