Table 2 Forms of endocytosis described in T lymphocytes
Described in T cells | Function in T cells | |
|---|---|---|
Clathrin-dependent endocytosis | Yes | Plasma membrane receptor regulation [104, 105], TCR αβ endocytosis [106,107,108] |
CLIC/GEEC pathway endocytosis | Yes | TCRζ endocytosis [109] |
Flotillin-dependent endocytosis | Yes | |
IL-2Rβ pathway endocytosis | Yes | |
Arf6-dependent endocytosis | Yes | Conjugate formation with APCs [112] |
Phagocytosis | Yes | Host defense/immune surveillance (γδ T cells) [113, 114], trogocytosis (TCR αβ T cells) [115] |
Caveolae-dependent endocytosis | No | N/A |
Macropinocytosis | Yes | mTORC1 activation and growth [98] |
Fast endophilin-mediated endocytosis (FEME) | Yes | IL-2Rβ complex endocytosis [44] |
Activity-dependent bulk endocytosis (ADBE) | No | N/A |
Ultrafast endocytosis (UFE) | No | N/A |
Massive endocytosis (MEND) | No | N/A |