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Fig. 4 | Cell Communication and Signaling

Fig. 4

From: Systemic and topical administration of spermidine accelerates skin wound healing

Fig. 4

The mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines, growth factors, and MMPs at the wound sites of SPD-treated mice. The relative mRNA expression of IL-6, TNF-α, VEGF, EGF, MMP2 and MMP-9 at 0, 24, and 48 h after wound creation was measured using quantitative RT-PCR (n = 4). The results were normalized to the mRNA expression of GAPDH. *Indicates a statistically significant difference; p < 0.05. ***Indicates a statistically significant difference; p < 0.005

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